Portugal is a country rich in history and culture, with ancient ruins and artifacts that provide a glimpse into its prehistoric past. One such site that has captivated archaeologists and historians for decades is the Almendres Cromlech, a mysterious megalithic complex located near the city of Évora in southern Portugal.
The Almendres Cromlech is believed to have been constructed around 6000-4000 BC, making it one of the oldest megalithic sites in Europe. The complex consists of a circular arrangement of over 90 standing stones, or menhirs, some of which reach heights of over 3 meters. These stones are arranged in several concentric circles, with a central open space that may have been used for ceremonial or religious purposes.
The purpose of the Almendres Cromlech has puzzled archaeologists for years. Some researchers believe that the site was used as a religious or spiritual center, possibly dedicated to sun worship or seasonal rituals. Others suggest that it may have been an astronomical observatory, used to track the movements of the sun and stars. Still, others believe that the site was a burial ground, with the standing stones marking the graves of important individuals.
One of the most intriguing features of the Almendres Cromlech is its alignment with the summer solstice. During the summer solstice, the rising sun aligns perfectly with one of the larger stones in the complex, casting a shadow that points to a smaller stone in the circle. This alignment has led some experts to believe that the site was used as a calendar or time-keeping device, with the positioning of the stones marking important astronomical events.
Despite the many theories surrounding the Almendres Cromlech, much about the site remains a mystery. Excavations and research are ongoing, with new discoveries shedding light on the purpose and significance of this ancient complex. Recently, archaeologists have uncovered a burial chamber beneath one of the stones, providing new insight into the possible funerary practices of the people who built the site.
The Almendres Cromlech is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a must-visit for anyone interested in prehistoric archaeology. The site is open to the public and easily accessible from the city of Évora, making it a popular destination for tourists and history enthusiasts alike. With its stunning megalithic stones and mysterious history, the Almendres Cromlech continues to intrigue and inspire visitors from around the world.
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