Nestled at the confluence of the Mtkvari and Aragvi rivers, lies the ancient city of Mtskheta – the former capital of the Eastern Georgian kingdom of Iberia. With a storied history that spans over 3,000 years, Mtskheta is renowned as the spiritual and cultural heart of Georgia.
Mtskheta was first established in the 5th century BC, making it one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. It served as the capital of the Kingdom of Iberia from the 3rd century BC until the 5th century AD, when the capital was relocated to Tbilisi. Mtskheta remained an important religious and cultural center, known for its vibrant arts and intellectual community.
One of the most iconic landmarks in Mtskheta is the Svetitskhoveli Cathedral, a UNESCO World Heritage site and one of the holiest places in Georgia. Built in the 11th century on the site where Saint Nino, the evangelizer of Georgia, is said to have erected a wooden cross, Svetitskhoveli Cathedral is a masterpiece of medieval Georgian architecture. The cathedral is adorned with intricate frescoes, mosaics, and carvings, and houses the robe of Jesus Christ – a relic that is believed to bring miraculous healing powers.
Another must-visit attraction in Mtskheta is the Jvari Monastery, perched on a hill overlooking the city. Dating back to the 6th century, Jvari Monastery is a prime example of early Georgian Christian architecture and offers stunning panoramic views of the surrounding landscape. The monastery is said to mark the spot where Saint Nino erected a large wooden cross that miraculously remained standing despite multiple attempts to destroy it.
In addition to its religious sites, Mtskheta is also home to the Armazi Fortress – an ancient citadel dating back to the 3rd century BC. This archaeological site offers a glimpse into the ancient history of Mtskheta and showcases the city’s strategic importance as a hub of commerce and culture.
Visitors to Mtskheta can also explore the ancient street layout, with its cobblestone lanes lined with traditional Georgian houses and charming courtyard gardens. The city is also known for its vibrant arts and crafts scene, with local artisans producing exquisite handcrafted ceramics, textiles, and jewelry.
Overall, Mtskheta offers a rich tapestry of history, culture, and spirituality that continues to captivate visitors from around the world. Whether you explore its ancient churches, wander its cobblestone streets, or simply soak in the atmosphere of this historic city, Mtskheta is sure to leave a lasting impression on all who visit.